Therapeutische Neurostimulation bei Epilepsien

Zusammenfassung

Das Spektrum möglicher Neurostimulationsbehandlungen von Epilepsien hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich erweitert. Nach Einführung der Vagusnervstimulation 1994 haben sich mit der Stimulation der anterioren Thalamuskerne, in den USA der responsiven intrakranielle Fokusstimulation und zuletzt in Europa der epicraniellen Fokalen Cortexstimulation neue klinische Behandlungsansätze entwickelt. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die den Stimulationsbehandlungen zugrunde liegenden Prinzipien dargestellt, klinische Aspekte und Ergebnisse der einzelnen Methoden dargestellt und abschließend eine Übersicht zu Indikationsstellungen gegeben.

Abstract

The spectrum of treatment for neurostimulation has expanded considerably during recent years. Following the introduction of vagus nerve stimulation in 1994, new treatment approaches have been developed, these being stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus, responsive neurostimulation in the US, and epicranial focal cortex stimulation in Europe. In this review, principles underlying neurostimulatory approaches are described, clinical aspects and results of the individual methods are discussed and an overview of indications for their use presented.

Schlüsselwörter

Neurostimulation - Neuromodulation - Fokus - Netzwerk - Fokale Epilepsien - Generalisierte Epilepsie

Keywords

Neurostimulation - neuromodulation - focus - network - focal epilepsies - generalized epilepsies

Publication History

Article published online:
02 July 2024

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